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The Biology of Prenatal Development




CHIDZIDZO CHEBIOLOGY PAKUKURA KWEMWANA MUDUMBU

.Shona


 

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Capítulo 40   3 a 4 Meses (12 a 16 Semanas): Papilas Gustativas, Movimento de Mandíbula, Reflexo de Sucção, Percepção dos Primeiros Movimentos do Feto

Pakati pemasvondo gumi nerimwe negumi nemaviri huremo hwe:fetus" hunowanda zvakaita (60%).

Pamasvondo 12 ndipo Panopera chidimbu chechitatu chekutanga, kana kuti "trimester", yenhumbu.

Pano zvinopa kuraira zvinodyiwa zvavakuwanikwa mumukanwa.
Panozvarwa mwana, zvekuraira Kudya zvinowanikwa parurimi chete nemukati nechepamusoro pemukanwa.

Pano tsvina inotanga kubuda pamasvondo guminemaviri zvigoramba zvakadaro kusvika masvondo matanhatu.

Tsvina iyi inobuda mu'fetus' nemuvana vacheche inonzi "meconium". Inosanganisa zvinonzi ma"enzyme" anobatsira kuzeya, ma'proteins',uye dzimwewo nhengo dzakafa dzinenge dzichibuda muhura.

Pamasvondo makumi maviri, kureba kwemaoko kunenge kwava kuzokwana kusvika pazera remunhu. Makumbo anotora nguva yakareba kusvika pazera rakakwanira munhu.

Kusara kwemusana nepanhova, muviri wese kana "fetus" yave kuvhunduka ikabatwa.

Zvinoita kutivarume nevakadzi vasiyane zvinotanga kuonekwa. "Fetus" yechikadzi inoratidza kufambisa muromo zvakanyanya kupfuura "fetus" yechirume.

Izvi zvakasiyana nekuvhunduka kunoitika pakutanga, iyi ndiyo nguva mwana anocheukira kuri kubva chekudya uye muromo uchivhurwa. Kucheuka uku kunonzi "rooting reflex" uye kunoramba kuriko mwana azvarwa, uye kunobatsira kuti mwana agone kuwana kunezamu ramai paanenge achiyamwa.

Kumeso kunoramba kuchikura apawo nyama inowanikwa matama otanga kukura mazino achitangawo kumera.

Pamasvondo gumi nemashanu, tsinga dzeropa dze"stem cells" dzinokura dzichiwanda mumwongo wemapfupa. Apa ndipo panogadzirwa ropa rakawanda.

Kufamba-famba kunotanga musvondo rechitanhatu re"embryo", mudzimai ane nhumbu anonzwa kufamba-famba pakati pemasvondo gumi nemana negumi nemasere Chiitiko ichi chinopiwa zita rekuti "quickening".